The power distribution system provides the ability to choose between two operation modes for data center operators: double conversion mode can provide high quality power protection, and multimode or "ecomode" (economic model) with high working efficiency. When the user selects the multi mode as the default operating mode in order to achieve the efficiency of 98% to 99%, if the UPS input is detected on the power supply is abnormal, the UPS system will be less than two milliseconds to automatically transfer to senior protection mode. In the United States, power anomalies that are critical to IT critical loads usually account for only 3% of the business operating time, so the probability of switching between annual operating patterns is likely to be minimal.
Dual transformation mode is a typical power protection model in large-scale UPS systems for decades, but it also has a significant weakness, that is, the operating efficiency is always in the range of 93% to 95%. Today, users require higher UPS operating efficiency and lower overall cost of ownership (TCO), and can not affect sufficient power protection. This is the key to multi-mode UPS.
A research on the specification of Frost & Sullivan show, a 50000 square foot space enterprise data center using a multi-mode UPS system in 10 years, and most of the time in operation in a multimode mode, can save the cost of $3 million 100 thousand. These costs come mainly from the reduced energy consumption of the UPS system and the energy consumption of the ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems used to overcome the cooling of the UPS system. As the cost of electricity continues to rise, the power savings of multimode UPS will grow as time goes on.
Other multimode advantages other than TCO
In addition to the TCO, the power distribution system offers other advantages and reduces energy consumption. The technology provides a "smart" input power monitoring master, in which the UPS will record the number and frequency of abnormal input power resulting from multimode to dual mode. Excessive or frequent power failure will cause the UPS to "lock" multi-mode for a period of time, so that the power will remain stable for some time. As a result, multi-mode UPS systems can make intelligent real-time logical decisions about when to use multi-mode or dual conversion modes to maximize critical load protection without sacrificing operating efficiency.
The second advantage of a distribution system is that it extends part life. During multi-mode operation, many UPS module components operate at low current and low thermal range, thus prolonging service life. Other components, such as fans, can not run. Manufacturers of multimode UPS expect the maximum life of many components to be extended for one to two years.
The third advantage of a power distribution system is the ease of output failure. Any UPS output short circuit or overload will soon be handled by upstream overcurrent protection devices, and there is no internal mode of operation in the UPS system. These UPS output faults will be directly loaded on the source impedance of the power supply, rather than loaded on the UPS inverter power source, thereby reducing the loss of the fault.
Some UPS manufacturers, such as the Ge Corp's critical power business, have designed additional unique functions in their multi-mode systems, which Ge Corp calls eBoost technology. These features include the economic operation mode of power supply path using line reactor, power adjustment level in the high efficiency mode; specifically, it can reduce the high frequency "surge" events and low frequency "wave", thereby minimizing the conversion for double conversion mode. The design of the reactor also allows the difference of cable lengths between multiple UPS modules to parallel output buses up to + 25%. The cable length difference also provides enhanced floor layout design flexibility. Some other UPS manufacturers must keep the cable length difference at + 10%, otherwise it may cause UPS power down or UPS running in parallel.
The reduction in operating cost (OPEX) of the distribution system and the above additional advantages provide many compelling reasons for the adoption of this UPS technology for data center users in the foreseeable future. For other tasks, critical and / or critical process applications, multi-mode UPS technology should be considered, especially for high-power applications over 225kVA, because energy consumption is a critical issue.
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